Baya ga hatsarori na gama gari a mafi yawan wuraren aiki na yau da kullun (kamar wutar lantarki da haɗarin wuta), dakunan gwaje-gwajen al'adun sel suma suna da takamaiman hatsari da haɗari masu alaƙa da sarrafawa da sarrafa ƙwayoyin jikin mutum ko dabba da kyallen takarda, da mai guba, lalata ko mutagenic. abubuwan narkewa.Reagents.Haɗari na yau da kullun sune huda alluran sirinji ko wasu gurɓataccen kaifi, zubewa da fantsama a fata da maƙarƙashiya, sha ta hanyar bututun baki, da shakar iska mai kamuwa da cuta.
Babban burin kowane shirin biosafety shine ragewa ko kawar da fallasa ma'aikatan dakin gwaje-gwaje da muhallin waje ga abubuwan da zasu iya cutar da kwayoyin halitta.Babban mahimmancin aminci a cikin dakunan gwaje-gwaje na al'adar tantanin halitta shine tsananin bin daidaitattun ayyuka da dabaru na ƙwayoyin cuta.
1. Matsayin Biosafety
Dokokin Amurka da shawarwari game da lafiyar halittu suna ƙunshe a cikin takaddar "Biosafety in Microbiology and Biomedical Laboratories" wanda Cibiyar Kula da Cututtuka (CDC) da Cibiyar Kula da Lafiya ta Ƙasa (NIH) ta shirya kuma Sashen Lafiya na Amurka ya buga.Wannan daftarin aiki yana bayyana matakan haɓaka huɗu masu hawa, wanda ake kira matakan biosafety 1 zuwa 4, kuma yana bayyana ayyukan ƙwayoyin cuta, kayan aikin aminci, da matakan kariya na wurin don daidaitattun matakan haɗari masu alaƙa da sarrafa takamaiman ƙwayoyin cuta.
1.1 Biosafety Level 1 (BSL-1)
BSL-1 shine ainihin matakin kariya na gama gari a yawancin bincike da dakunan gwaje-gwaje na asibiti, kuma ya dace da reagents waɗanda aka san ba sa haifar da cuta a cikin mutane na yau da kullun da masu lafiya.
1.2 Biosafety Level 2 (BSL-2)
BSL-2 ya dace da magungunan matsakaici-matsakaici da aka sani don haifar da cututtuka na mutane na daban-daban ta hanyar ciki ko ta hanyar transdermal ko bayyanar mucosal.Yawancin dakunan gwaje-gwajen al'adun cell yakamata su cimma aƙalla BSL-2, amma ƙayyadaddun buƙatun sun dogara da layin tantanin halitta da aka yi amfani da su da nau'in aikin da aka yi.
1.3 Biosafety Level 3 (BSL-3)
BSL-3 ya dace da ƙwayoyin cuta na asali ko na waje tare da sanannun yuwuwar watsa aerosol, da ƙwayoyin cuta waɗanda zasu iya haifar da mummuna da cututtuka masu yuwuwar mutuwa.
1.4 Biosafety Level 4 (BSL-4)
BSL-4 ya dace da mutanen da ke da babban haɗari da ƙwayoyin cuta na waje waɗanda ba a kula da su ba waɗanda ke haifar da cututtuka masu barazanar rai ta hanyar iska mai kamuwa da cuta.Waɗannan wakilai an iyakance su zuwa dakunan gwaje-gwaje masu iyaka.
2. Takardun Bayanan Tsaro (SDS)
Takardar bayanan aminci (SDS), wanda kuma aka sani da takardar bayanan aminci na abu (MSDS), wani nau'i ne da ke ƙunshe da bayanai game da kaddarorin takamaiman abubuwa.SDS ya haɗa da bayanan jiki kamar wurin narkewa, wurin tafasa, da wurin walƙiya, bayani game da guba, sake kunnawa, tasirin lafiya, adanawa da zubar da abun, haka kuma an ba da shawarar kayan kariya da hanyoyin magance leaks.
3. Kayayyakin Tsaro
Kayan aiki na aminci a cikin dakunan gwaje-gwajen al'adar tantanin halitta sun haɗa da manyan shingaye, kamar ɗakunan ajiya na biosafety, rufaffiyar kwantena, da sauran sarrafa injiniyoyi waɗanda aka tsara don kawar da ko rage fallasa ga abubuwa masu haɗari, da kayan kariya na sirri (PPE) waɗanda galibi ana haɗa su da manyan kayan kariya.Kambun lafiyar halittu (watau hoods na al'adar salula) sune kayan aiki mafi mahimmanci, waɗanda zasu iya sarrafa ɓarkewar cututtuka ko iska mai iska wanda yawancin hanyoyin ƙwayoyin cuta ke samarwa kuma su hana al'adar tantanin ku gurɓata.
4. Kayan Kariyar Keɓaɓɓen (PPE)
Kayan kariya na sirri (PPE) shine shinge kai tsaye tsakanin mutane da wakilai masu haɗari.Sun haɗa da abubuwa don kariya ta mutum, kamar safar hannu, mayafin lab da riguna, murfin takalma, takalma, masu ɗaukar numfashi, garkuwar fuska, gilashin aminci ko tabarau.Yawancin lokaci ana amfani da su tare da kabad ɗin aminci na halitta da sauran kayan aikin da ke ɗauke da reagents ko kayan da ake sarrafa su.
Lokacin aikawa: Fabrairu-01-2023